After the Second World War, Albania was practically isolated country. In the early 1990s, it started incorporating democratic changes and opening to the world, which triggered intense international migration of the Albanian population.
The total education cists of people who leave Albania in one year vary from €330 million to €504 million, depending on the educational structure.
The study found an opportunity cost of €456 million in terms of lost gross value added which is a direct negative effect on potential GDP. After adding the indirect and induced effect, the annual gross value added lost measured €559 million.
On terms of income from remittances and other personal transfers, Albania is one of the top countries in Europe, with a seven-per-cent share in GDP.
However, despite their significant share in GDP, remittances do not sufficiently impact overall economic growth, and are not a generator of future development.